Which cell organelle is involved in producing energy for the cell?

The mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell because they are primarily responsible for producing energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through the process of cellular respiration. This organelle converts the chemical energy stored in glucose and other nutrients into ATP, which is then used by the cell to fuel various biological processes.

The structure of mitochondria is integral to their function; they have a double membrane with the inner membrane folded into structures called cristae, which increase the surface area available for the biochemical reactions involved in ATP production. Additionally, mitochondria contain their own DNA, which allows them to replicate independently of the cell.

In contrast, the nucleus is the organelle that houses genetic material and manages cellular activities, but it does not produce energy. The Golgi apparatus is involved in modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles, while lysosomes are responsible for breaking down waste materials and cellular debris. None of these organelles are directly involved in the production of energy like the mitochondria.