What is the function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?

The function of the Golgi apparatus is to modify and package proteins and lipids. This organelle acts as a processing center in the cell, receiving proteins and lipids from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where they are synthesized. Once the proteins and lipids reach the Golgi apparatus, they undergo further modifications, such as the addition of carbohydrate groups, which can affect their function and destination.

After processing, the Golgi apparatus sorts and packages these molecules into vesicles that are then sent to their appropriate locations, either within the cell or outside of it via exocytosis. This role is crucial in ensuring that proteins and lipids are correctly prepared for their specific functions, making the Golgi apparatus essential for cellular organization and communication.

In contrast, the other choices refer to different cellular processes or functions:

• Generating ATP through respiration is primarily the function of mitochondria.

• Producing ribosomes for protein synthesis occurs in the nucleolus, not the Golgi apparatus.

• Replicating DNA for cell division is handled by the cell nucleus during the S phase of the cell cycle.