In terms of genetic variation, what is a primary outcome of meiosis?

The correct outcome of meiosis in terms of genetic variation is the production of haploid gametes. During meiosis, a single diploid cell undergoes two rounds of division to ultimately produce four haploid cells. These haploid gametes—sperm and egg cells in animals—contain half the number of chromosomes of the original diploid cell, leading to a unique combination of genetic material.

The significance of this process for genetic variation lies in two key mechanisms during meiosis: independent assortment and crossing over. Independent assortment occurs when chromosomes are randomly distributed to the gametes, allowing for different combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes. Crossing over involves the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes, resulting in new allele combinations that were not present in the parent organisms. Together, these processes enhance genetic diversity in populations, which is essential for evolution and adaptation.

Other options focus on aspects that do not contribute directly to genetic variation. The creation of diploid cells is characteristic of mitosis, not meiosis. The formation of identical genetic copies relates to processes like asexual reproduction or mitosis, where cells divide to produce clones. Reduction of chromosome aberrations, while an important concept, does not specifically address the genetic variation produced by meiosis. Hence, the